About Jammu & Kashmir (Former State 1952–2019)
Education, unity, and awareness make a nation stronger – An educated citizen means an educated nation, which leads to global accomplishment
Overview
Jammu and Kashmir was the only Indian state that enjoyed special autonomy under Article 370.
From 1952 to 2019, it existed as a full-fledged state, with two capitals: Srinagar (summer) and Jammu (winter).
The state comprised 22 districts, divided into three main regions:
- Jammu Division
- Kashmir Division
- Ladakh Division
Political History
- 1952: End of monarchy; Sheikh Abdullah became the first Prime Minister.
- 1954: Presidential Order applied many provisions of the Indian Constitution.
- 1957: The Constitution of Jammu & Kashmir came into effect.
- 2019: Article 370 was revoked; the state was bifurcated into two Union Territories – Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.
Demographics
- Muslim-majority state (2011 Census: ~68% Muslims, ~28% Hindus, others).
- Official Language: Urdu, regarded as a symbol of identity and unity.
- Culture: A blend of traditions, spirituality, and brotherhood.
Conflicts & Changes
- 1947–48: India–Pakistan war; partial control divided the region.
- 1962: China took control of the Aksai Chin area.
- 1971: India–Pakistan war and the Shimla Agreement.
- Post-1989: Rise of militancy and instability.
- 5th August 2019: Special status revoked and state reorganized.
Why Jammu & Kashmir Was Unique?
- Only Indian state with its own Constitution and flag.
- Assembly term was 6 years (unlike 5 years in other states).
- Natural beauty: Himalayas, Dal Lake, Gulmarg, and Pahalgam.
- Cultural heritage: Blend of Sufi traditions, Shaivism, and Buddhist influences.
Discover Jammu & Kashmir’s history, politics, and culture in depth.
Remember, education and awareness are the true path to global success.
Let’s learn from history and shape a brighter future together.